The research work of Professor María Elvira Buelna Serrano has been versed since its inception in understanding the development of judicial institutions and how, through the same power, is performed by specific groups.

She began with the research on the inquisitorial system during the viceregal period (1524-1810). Since the 1990s, she has been interested in studying this system's impact on the current judicial system. As of this interest, she participated in the Book of Structural Reforms related to the Judicial System. Also, from the same interest, she has seen the impact of democratic institutions and the search for groups of power to establish authoritarian institutions as of 2001, specific to the event of 9/11, which marked a part of the historical transfers of humanity.

Among her research lines are judicial institutions, political institutions that favor human equality, the institutionalization of authoritarian systems contrary to democracy, the importance of sustainable development, and the importance of millennium objectives.